The Constitutional Law "On State Symbols of the Republic of Kazakhstan" was adopted on June 4, 2007. In accordance with this Law, June 4 is annually celebrated as the day of state symbols in the Republic of Kazakhstan. State symbols are one of the integral attributes of any state, embodying its identity and sovereignty. In the Republic of Kazakhstan, the state symbols are the State Flag, the State Emblem and the State Anthem.
State flag of the Republic of Kazakhstan
The flag is one of the main symbols of the state, embodying its sovereignty and identity. The term "flag" comes from the Dutch word "vlag". A flag is a piece of cloth attached to a pole or cord in fixed sizes and colors, usually with a coat of arms or emblem on it. Since ancient times, the flag has performed the functions of uniting the people of the country and identifying them with a certain state entity.
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The state flag of independent Kazakhstan was officially adopted in 1992. Its author is the artist Shaken Niyazbekov.
The national flag of the Republic of Kazakhstan is a rectangular panel of sky-blue color with an image in the center of the sun with rays, under which is a soaring eagle (golden eagle). At the shaft there is a vertical stripe with a national ornament. The image of the sun, its rays, an eagle and a national ornament - the color of gold. The ratio of the width of the flag to its length is 1:2.
In the traditions of heraldry, each color symbolizes a certain concept. So, the sky-blue color symbolizes honesty, fidelity and impeccability. In addition, sky blue has a deep symbolic meaning in Turkic culture. The ancient Turks always revered the sky as their god-father, and their sky-blue banner symbolized devotion to the father-progenitor. On the national flag of Kazakhstan, it symbolizes a clear sky, peace and prosperity, and the background monochromatic symbolizes the unity of our country.
Based on heraldic canons, the sun symbolizes wealth and abundance, life and energy. Therefore, the rays of the sun on the flag of the country are in the form of grain - a symbol of prosperity and well-being. The image of the sun in the state paraphernalia of Kazakhstan confirms its commitment to universal values and indicates that the new young state is full of life-affirming energy and is open to all countries of the world for partnership and cooperation.
The image of an eagle (golden eagle) is one of the main heraldic attributes that have long been used in the coats of arms and flags of many peoples. This image is usually perceived as a symbol of power, insight and generosity. The golden eagle soaring under the sun personifies the strength of the state, its sovereignty and independence, the desire for high goals and a sustainable future. A special place is occupied by the image of the golden eagle in the worldview of the Eurasian nomads. They associate it with such concepts as freedom and fidelity, dignity and courage, power and purity of thoughts. The stylized silhouette of a golden golden eagle reflects the aspiration of a young sovereign state to the heights of world civilization.
An important element of the national flag is a vertical stripe with a national ornament located at its flagpole. Kazakh ornament is one of the forms of specific artistic perception of the world in strict accordance with the aesthetic tastes of the people. Representing the harmony of various shapes and lines, it is an expressive means of revealing the inner world of the people. The national ornament along the shaft symbolizes the culture and traditions of the people of Kazakhstan.
State Emblem of the Republic of Kazakhstan
The coat of arms is one of the main symbols of the state. The term "coat of arms" comes from the German word "erbe" (inheritance) and means a hereditary distinctive sign - a combination of figures and objects that are given a symbolic meaning.
History shows that even the nomads of the Bronze Age, who lived on the territory of modern Kazakhstan, identified themselves with a special symbol - a totem, the graphic expression of which later received the name "tamga". For the first time this term began to be used in the Turkic Khaganate.
The coat of arms of sovereign Kazakhstan was officially adopted in 1992. Its authors are famous architects Zhandarbek Malibekov and Shot-Aman Ualikhanov.
The State Emblem of the Republic of Kazakhstan has the shape of a circle (wheel) - a symbol of life and eternity, which enjoyed special honor among the nomads of the Great Steppe.
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The central heraldic element in the state emblem is the image of a shanyrak (upper vaulted part of the yurt) on a blue background, from which uyks (supports) radiate in all directions in the form of sunbeams. To the right and left of the shanyrak there are images of mythical winged horses. In the upper part there is a voluminous five-pointed star, and in the lower part there is an inscription "Qazaqstan". The image of a star, shanyrak, uyks, mythical horses, as well as the inscription “Qazaqstan” are made in the color of gold.
Shanyrak is the main system-forming part of the yurt, resembling a heavenly dome in shape and being one of the key elements of the life arrangement in the traditional culture of the Eurasian nomads. In the State Emblem of the Republic, the image of a shanyrak is a symbol of a common home and a single homeland for all peoples living in the country. The stable development of Kazakhstan depends on the well-being of every citizen, just as the strength and stability of a shanyrak depends on the reliability of all its uyks (pillars).
Winged mythical horses - tulpars in the state emblem are a key heraldic element. The image of a horse from time immemorial personifies such concepts as courage, loyalty and strength. The wings symbolize the centuries-old dream of the multinational people of Kazakhstan to build a strong and prosperous state. They testify to pure thoughts and the desire for consistent improvement and creative development. The golden wings of the horses also resemble golden ears of corn and represent the industriousness of the people of Kazakhstan and the material well-being of the country.
In past centuries, horns were actively used in the cult rites of nomads, as well as as the top of their battle banners. Images of heavenly grace, earthly fertility and military luck in the form of the horns of various animals have always occupied significant places in the symbolic compositions of various peoples. Thus, the winged horse with a cornucopia is an important typological image that has deep semantic and historical roots.
Another detail in the state emblem of the republic is a five-pointed star. This symbol has been used by mankind since ancient times and personifies the constant desire of people for the light of truth, for everything sublime and eternal. The image of a star in the state emblem reflects the desire of the people of Kazakhstan to create a country open for cooperation and partnership with all the peoples of the world. The hearts and embraces of the people of Kazakhstan are open to representatives of all five continents.
The main color used in the state emblem is the color of gold, which serves as a symbol of wealth, justice and generosity. The color of the flag is also present - sky blue, which is in harmony with the color of gold and symbolizes a clear sky, peace and prosperity.
State anthem of the Republic of Kazakhstan
The anthem is one of the main symbols of the state. The term "hymn" itself comes from the Greek word "gimneo" and means "solemn song". The anthem acts as an important sound symbolism, which is of key importance for the effective socio-political consolidation and ethno-cultural identification of the country's citizens.
In the history of independent Kazakhstan, the national anthem of the country was approved twice - in 1992 and in 2006.
After the republic gained state sovereignty in 1992, a competition was announced for the music and text of the anthem of Kazakhstan. As a result of the competition, it was decided to keep the musical edition of the anthem of the Kazakh SSR. Thus, Mukan Tulebaev, Evgeny Brusilovsky and Latif Hamidi became the authors of the music for the first Kazakhstani anthem. The competition for the best text was also won by a group of authors represented by famous poets: Muzafar Alimbaev, Kadyr Myrzaliev, Tumanbay Moldagaliev and poetess Zhadyra Daribaeva.
In order to popularize the sound symbols of the country, a new national anthem was adopted in 2006. The popular patriotic song “Menin Kazakhstanym” became its basis. It was written in 1956 by Shamshi Kaldayakov to the verses of Zhumeken Nazhimedenov. To give the song a high status of the national anthem and a more solemn sound, President of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev finalized the original text. The Parliament of Kazakhstan, at a joint meeting of the chambers on January 6, 2006, made appropriate amendments to the Decree "On State Symbols" and approved the new national anthem of the country.
The authors of the words of the anthem: Zhұmeken Nazhimedenov, Nursultan Nazarbaev, the author of the music: Shamshі Қaldayақov
Altyn kүn aspans,
Altyn dan dalasy,
Yerliktіn dastans,
Elime karashy!
Ezhelden er degen,
Dankymyz shykty goy.
Namysyn Bermegen,
Kazagym mykty goy!
Kaiyrmasy:
Menin elim, menin elim,
Gulin bolip egilemin,
Zhyryn bolip tugilemin, elim!
Tugan zherim menin - Kazakhstanym!
Urpakka zhol ashkan,
Ken baytak zherim bar.
Bіrlіgі zharaskan,
Таuelsіz elіm bar.
Karsy algan uakytty,
Mangilik dosyndai,
Bizdin el bakytty,
Bizdin el osyndai!
Kaiyrmasy:
Menin elim, menin elim,
Gulin bolip egilemin,
Zhyryn bolip tugilemin, elim!
Tugan zherim menin - Kazakhstanym!
Source: Official website of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan